Freshwater ecology is the study of how organisms in lakes and rivers interact with each other and their aquatic environments. Freshwater ecosystems vary with latitude and altitude, and some freshwater animals also use the marine environment at some point in their life history. This paper explores the diverse range of freshwater environments and their control of ecosystem function and communities. Topics covered include the life histories of freshwater organisms, and how research can be used to understand and develop management options for freshwater in New Zealand.

The paper offers an introduction to the ecology of lakes and rivers. Topics covered include the physical habitats of major types of fresh waters, fish and invertebrates, biomonitoring, and the effects of land use on eutrophication.

This paper includes 24 lectures (Wed, Thu and Fri) and 5 practicals (2 one-day field trips, 1 lab sessions, and 2 data workshops). The 2 one-day field trips are both central components of this paper. Attendance at the two field trips and at all laboratory and workshop sessions is essential.

Assessment is by one on-line quiz, one lab report, and two larger research reports that are based on data collected during the field trip. Attendance at the field trips and labs are recorded. There are also two one-hour tests and a final exam.

The course is taught through lectures, field trips, laboratories and workshops. Attendance at all field trips and labs is required. Attendance at lectures is expected. Lectures are recorded, and these recordings are designed to be a revision tool rather than a replacement for lecture attendance. We cannot guarantee that all required course information will be included in the video recordings.

The dates indicated for assessment procedures will normally be adhered to. Any changes to the dates will be made in consultation with the class at least one week prior to the original date. Individuals handing in work late must gain approval from the appropriate lecturer otherwise they will be penalised at 5 % per day.

Because we take issues relating to academic honesty and plagiarism seriously, we expect students in this paper to submit all major pieces of internal assessment (i.e. field trip reports) in hard copy and via Turnitin (accessed through Moodle), a programme that identifies similarities between an individual's work and the papers, books and websites in the Turnitin database. Turnitin results may show where students need extra learning support, as well as sometimes providing the evidence for any disciplinary action. A hard copy of all assignments must also be deposited at the locations described below.